The Direct Relationship Between Critical Thinking And Ethics

The Direct Relationship between Critically Thinking and Ethics Manuel Ortuno Jr. Foundations for University Success/GEN 201 21 September 2014 Ms. Alisa Hewitt The Direct Relationship between Critical Thinking and Ethics Critical thinking and ethics are two topics that every person should be educated on starting from childhood in order to be functional members of any society. To better understand the issue, one must first know what critical thinking and ethics are; â€Å"Critical thinking is the path to freedom from half-truths and deception† (Ellis, 2011) while â€Å"Ethics is the study of the foundational values of a community† (Ethical Lens Inventory, 2014). After reviewing the material in Becoming a Master Student about critical thinking and the Ethics Lens Inventory assignment, I feel the relationship between critical thinking and ethics is directly related, given that one understands the â€Å"rights† and â€Å"wrongs† for the community he/she will be a part of; discussing this relationship will also provide the foundation for the discussion of my personal review of my own blind spots and preferred ethical lens, how it affects my decision making, and how it applies t o professional and societal responsibilities. Critical Thinking Process Steps In order to understand critical thinking better, you must first be aware of the process. There are three steps, or strategies, to the critical thinking process which are quite lengthy. They include â€Å"checking your attitude, checking forShow MoreRelatedPolicing1068 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Perla M. 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Also, I will discuss how other disciplines can influence nursing science. This will help understand how theoretical thinking has evolved. Theory development and theory thinking was first intiated by Florence Nightingale. She presented the first nursing theory, the environmental theory. Her theory focusedRead MoreThe Christian Worldview Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagesseeking of truth is the gaining of knowledge. How one processes knowledge is dependent on how one views reality and truth. One’s worldview is their filter in this process. Hays and Erford (2010) define worldview as one’s â€Å"conceptualization of their relationship with the world† (p. 10). Ways of Seeking Knowledge and Truth There are many ways to gain knowledge and truth. Some ways are without intentional thought where as others are intentional. Jackson (2009) describes seven ways to gain knowledge:

Behavioral Observation Project Free Essays

Going to school is one of the most valuable social rituals people do. Staying for over 15 years at school, people earn an academic education that will shape their careers and lives. In school, people also meet friends and mentors who influence their personal beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on Behavioral Observation Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now The early years in school are especially crucial for shaping foundations for virtues such as the proper behavior and self-discipline. Thus, grade school teachers are given the responsibility of instilling in their students the right qualities and attitudes. The learning site observed is a co-ed second grade class. The students are smart and energetic kids, with a few quiet ones thrown in. They come mostly from middle-class families and are of mixed ethnicities. They are still learning the core of education; spelling, writing, reading comprehension, basic geography, and fractions. Their teacher is male and a fresh university graduate; thus, he is younger than most of the faculty members. His youth presents itself in his interaction and communication style. The teacher is approachable and authoritative at the same time. He is kind, friendlier, and less stiff than other teachers. He also has a more laidback demeanor that is evident in his non-verbal gestures, such as giving high-fives and thumbs up to his students as a way of affirming their answers. His students perceive him as likable and are also more relaxed with him. By their standards, he is seen as more of big brother type rather than a scary teacher. The respect he receives is different, but in no way less than what other teachers get. At times when the students get too noisy or when kids fight, the teacher lets out his more commanding side to discipline the students. The teacher aims to improve and influence his students’ behavior, such as building up their self-discipline to keep them from chatting with seatmates and increase the attention that they pay to the lessons. To fulfill these, he makes use of some reinforcing and motivating consequences for the children’s actions. According to Skinner, using reinforcements is effective in helping shape or condition one’s reactions to stimuli. Thus, stimuli are called behavior influencers (Barker, Kreider, Peissig, Sokoloff Stansfield, 2008) Positive reinforcement increases the desired stimulus while a negative reinforcement removes a negative stimulus. Both encourage one to continue whichever action will lead to one’s benefit and increased comfort (Feist Feist, 2007). In the case of the second grade class, the most important stimulus is their grades. Having good grades leads to positive stimuli such as teacher’s praises, feelings of pride, and rewards from their parents. On the other hand, low grades bring about negative stimuli like dissatisfaction with oneself and disappointment from teachers and parents. The second-grade teacher uses public praises as positive reinforcements for kids who do well. By announcing how high one student’s grade is or by putting up the best artwork on the classroom corkboard, he highlights the student’s admirable behavior and quality of schoolwork, thus heartening the student to continue his or her hard work. The teacher uses mostly intangible reward to cheer his students on, as he hopes to motivate his students intrinsically rather than by bribes or physical rewards. Internal motivation will lead to a continued and better performance. He makes a special exception though for the case of a student with ADHD. He gives external rewards such as bowling games vouchers to this particular student to persuade him to continue his good performance and classroom behavior and continue his improvements. The teacher does not practice much punishment and extinction in the classroom. The harshest punishment he does is calling out a student’s name to get his or her attention back to the lessons. He was allowed to give them detention, especially when the kids get very naughty. His strength as an instructor and behavior model for the kids lay in the fact that he never had to give detentions because he is able to subdue a conflict before it even starts. He also understands the kids’ need to let go of pent-up energy and allows them to have some energy-releasing activities. The students receive punishment and extinction at home, mostly in the form of added chores for the former and revoked TV and video game privileges for the latter. The second graders are under the teacher’s excellent classroom management. The teacher’s policies are effectively and followed soundly. The teacher showed a perceptive understanding of when he should be friendly and when he should be authoritative with his students. Further, the behavior and discipline conditioning is enhanced by the good, trusting relationships between the teacher and his students. References Barker, B. , J Kreider, J Peissig, G Sokoloff, M Stansfield. (2008). Glossary of terms for the experimental analysis of behavior. The University of Iowa. Retrieved February 9, 2009 from http://www. psychology. uiowa. edu/Faculty/Wasserman/Glossary/stimuli. html Feist, J. Feist, G. J. (2007). Theories of Personality (6th ed). N How to cite Behavioral Observation Project, Essays

Consumer Behaviour Factors

Question: Describe about the Consumer Behaviour with his Factors? Answer: Executive Summary This report will be dealing with the consumer behavior and the factors that influence the buying behavior of the customers. The VALS segmentation will be discussed vividly determining the importance of it in the purchasing behavior of the customers. In addition to this, the function of the marketers in turning the need of the customers as their goals is also discussed along with the attitude of the customers in buying a new product is also discussed vividly. 1. On the basis of the personal consumer behavior, the segment that matches the individual best is Values and Lifestyles method of segmentation. According to Noel (2009) VALS is psychographic market segmentation and is so designed that it is diverged for different customers. As per example we can take the example of income where the customers having high levels of income have a habit of shopping around the A class section and dining out in the excellent class restaurants. In addition to this, these customers are also inclined towards wearing out branded and exclusive designer clothes and buying exclusive imported cars. In contrast to this, the customers with middle level income are inclined towards the mediocre lifestyle and counterfeit products. Hassan Craft (2012) commented on the fact that the VALS framework is a 2-D figure that consist of X and Y axes where X axis represents the primary motivation and the Y-axis determines the income, confidence and education. So, these 2 factor s determine the value and lifestyle of the consumer that is discussed vividly in the context. According to Clarke (2001) for determining the values and lifestyle of the people, resources are essential since it includes the income, intelligence, emotional support and education of the customers. The primary motivation also influences the individuals in acquiring values and lifestyle for achieving something and in order to become more social. The high class people with high resource and income who have their individual taste and are motivated to achieve the best quality things in life. The thinkers are the decision making consumers that stay well informed about the surroundings and readily accept any changes in the society due to their higher knowledge level. The achievers on the other hand are also motivated due to their achievements in their job and family. These people can adopt any brand very fast since they also have become a part of high income level people. In addition to this, Ammi (2007) had a view that VALS help to identify the customers that need to be targeted and ea sily finds out niche markets. It also helps to locate the target groups and gain knowledge regarding the target group to see how it works. Moreover it also helps in positioning the products more precisely in the market and also aims in making the campaigns successful and accurate. For these above mentioned reasons VALS is a successful method of market segmentation that helps in reflecting the personality of the customers and largely affects the lifestyle of the people. 2. It is essential to remember that the purchasing decision of the consumers solely begins from the need and want of the customer for a product or service. According to Baumeister (2002) this need of the customers are later transformed into the goals that helps the marketers to understand the customers more deeply and also it helps them to develop the marketing mix. The marketing mix on the other hand is an essential business tool that is associated with price, promotion, place and product. All of these factors affect the marketing strategy and any change in any of the aspects changes the market scenario. Maricic, Veljkovic Djordjevic (2012) opined that this also helps in understanding the gaps between the customer needs and the offerings of the organization and based on it, the marketing mix are formed to target the customers for essentially converting the products as their needs. It is the part of the organization or the marketers to identify the needs of the customers and make it their goals. This influences the purchasing behavior or buying behavior of the customers to a large extent. Noel (2009) had a view that Promotion of the products and services are done to the targeted customers. This helps in luring the customers to a great extent for selling the product or service to the customers. The promotion is done in such a way that it makes the customers feel that the product or service is in great need to the customers. This need is essential for making the customers take decisions regarding their purchases. In addition to this, Hassan Craft (2012) commented that the product also plays an important role in targeting the customers and influencing them to buy according to their choices. The marketers present the product and their respective brands in such a way that it not only attracts the customers but also makes them feel that the product is an essential part of their life. This intensifies the need of the customers for having that product and this result in influence g the customer buying decision to a good extent. On the other hand, Clarke (2001) had a view that Price is another important factor that determines and affects the buying behavior of the customers to a considerable extent. The marketer should remember that the customers always want the products to be of superior quality and better than the value they have paid for it. This is because; the customers are generally focused towards getting good quality of products at reasonable or low prices. So, the companies need to provide discounts, offers regarding the products in order to attract the customers. Moreover, Maricic, Veljkovic Djordjevic (2012) had a view that a good and lucrative pricing can be useful in attracting the customers hugely and also helps in influencing the buying behavior of the customers. Apart from this, the place also influences the customers purchasing decision to a great extent. This is because; it determines the location or the place where the products are predictable to be sold. The easy availability of the stor es and products make the products in need of the customers and this influences the purchasing behavior of the customers. 3. Recently, the individual has purchased a luxury wrist watch Miss Pasha from the women section of Cartier Watches. The watch is totally made of stainless steel having silvered opaque dial along with Arabic numerals. Moreover, the watch is waterproof and resists water up to 99 feet and easily withstands rain and is of light weight. Regarding the tri-component attitude model, the cognitive, affective and conative components that affects the buying behavior of the individual is discussed. According to Baumeister (2002) the Cognitive component helps in making decisions through a strong thinking process. This thinking procedure takes place on the basis of perceptions and knowledge that the customer already has in the mind. The customer has knowledge regarding the Cartier watches regarding its excellent quality and outstanding finishing, polish and glamour. The individual has a good collection of watches so on the basis of the previous experiences she had, she has opted for the Cartier w atch. Moreover, Ammi (2007) had opined that the Affective component of this tri-component attitude model arises due to emotional feeling of the consumers towards a certain brand or product. The customer has a soft corner for the luxury watch and is keen to have a collection of luxury watches. This emotional attachment towards the product or brand affects the buyer purchasing decision. In addition to this, Clarke (2001) also had an opinion that the Conative component of this attitude model also helps in influencing the attitude of the buyers purchasing behavior. This component is somewhat concerned with the tendency of the individual regarding a specific object. The individual here has evaluated the brand positively and therefore are inclined towards the brand and so purchase has been done from the given brand. After buying this lavished luxury watch from Cartier based on the attitude of the individual towards it, the attitude is not at all changed. This is because the individual on the basis of the tri-component model of attitude has done extensive research for making the purchase. Reference List: Ammi, C. (2007).Global consumer behavior. London: ISTE. Noel, H. (2009).Consumer behaviour. Lausanne, Switzerland: AVA Academia. Baumeister, R. (2002). Yielding to Temptation: Self Control Failure, Impulsive Purchasing, and Consumer Behavior.Journal Of Consumer Research,28(4), 670-676. Clarke, G. (2001). Confirming satisfaction as an attitude within the service-buying process.Journal Of Consumer Behaviour,1(2), 111-123 Hassan, S., Craft, S. (2012). Examining world market segmentation and brand positioning strategies.Journal Of Consumer Marketing,29(5), 344-356. Maricic, B., Veljkovic, S., Djordjevic, A. (2012). Customer satisfaction measurement.Marketing,43(4), 235-244.

Summary of Ten Stories Essay Example

Summary of Ten Stories Essay My Lucy friend who smells like corn is a story of a girl named Lucy. The narrator who was the friend of Lucy smells Lucy like a corn. She smells like corn because she is always in the street during daytime. The narrator described the life of Lucy and her family. Lucy’s family has a simple life – sometimes rich but most of the time, they are poor but they are happy. Lucy has a big family; she has her parents and many siblings. There was a time when the arms of Lucy had scars and her nail fell off but she remained strong and she did not cry. The narrator saw her face and the narrator knew that Lucy was brave enough to conquer her problems and pains. Seeing the life of Lucy and her family, the narrator also wanted to be like Lucy – having simple life, simple dreams even if they have problems and pains, having so many siblings but they were happy, and most of all, to be smelled like corn. Eleven Eleven is about the story of a girl who wanted to feel a new life because she turned eleven. She wanted change on the way he is treated – her actions, her situations, and her environment but she felt that she was just the same as she was younger. The narrator also described her actions and situations while she was younger, which she do not want to be treated that way again for she knew that was already old. She does not want to sit on the lap of her mother and she does not want to cry for it was the actions of younger children and she was not part of them anymore. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Ten Stories specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Ten Stories specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Ten Stories specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When she went to school, she thought that people would get in touch with her to greet her happy birthday but it was the opposite. Her teacher saw an ugly jacket in the room, she asked her class who owns the jacket but almost everyone denied. One girl said that it was the narrator’s jacket but the narrator denied it because it was too ugly and it smells bad but the teacher also thinks that it was her so she gave it to her but still, the narrator denied. The narrator felt awkward and wanted to become a child again for she wanted to cry and ran through her mother but she cannot. Salvador Late or Early It was a story of a boy named Salvador who has no friends or acquaintances. His life has full of misery, pain, and struggle. He used to take good care of his younger sisters and brothers for he wanted them to look good even if it was the opposite of his appearance. He helped his mother as best as he cold even if most of the time, his help was not enough and sometimes brought terrible things to them. Salvador does not want his family especially his brothers and sisters to be treated like him. His pain, struggles, and problems could not be seen through his eyes but it was seen through his body that contains wounds and scars of pains and sorrows. Mexican Movies The story is about a little child who used to observe everything around. She was happy when her father asked her to go to the lobby of the movie house because her father does not want her to see the sexual scenes. The narrator does not really understand those things but she knew what is happening that she needs to go to the lobby. Rather than going to the lobby, she chooses to go to the women’s bathroom to observe it – do some tic-tac-toe using a lipstick or she also went to the candy counter to buy some food for herself. Her family loves to watch movies especially Mexican movies and though it was not that beautiful. They just stayed on their seats and soon get sleep. After the movie, their parents will carry her and her sister and bring them home. Even if it was a long night for them, when they get to bed, they feel happy. Barbie-Q The story is about the two characters where the narrator is the first and her friend was the second. The narrator described the dress of her doll and the doll of her friend. The narrator illustrated carefully and thoroughly all the necessary characteristics of her doll and her friend’s doll but as she looks at it, she realized that the eyes of her friend’s doll are eyes of a boy. Because of this, she made the doll a boy, which was Ken. The narrator also reminisce their experience last Christmas as they received new Barbie clothes and the narrator was looking forward for next Christmas. The narrator then started to illustrate their experiences while walking at the Maxwell street; but still she was still thinking about the clothes of her doll – where and how to buy due to shortage of budget. The narrator ended the story in a generalization of buying toys and its physical characteristics as damaged but she imposed that even if such cases like this are done, there is still a fire sale at the Maxwell street. Mericans Mericans is about the story of an awful grandmother who used to pray always at the church. The narrator observed the awful grandmother as a righteous woman that made him also righteous. When the narrator went inside the church and look at the saints, he also somehow feels like a saint. The narrator narrates his observations inside and outside the church that made him realized the purpose of the people in the church. Aside from the church itself, the narrator observed the saint of the church, which is La Virgen de Guadalupe that gives miracle to people. The narrator’s brother also observed the whole place as he also imagined himself as a flying feather dancer who danced for the birthday of the Virgen. As the narrator goes on with his observations, he saw the awful grandmother praying hard for the people she loved. The day ended with these scenes and opened for nightlife to make people alive as they celebrate the birthday of their patron saint. Tepeyac Tepeyac is a story of a man named Abuelito. The narrator narrates her observations and encounter with Abuelito. In the first part of the story, the narrator described the physical characteristics of the place but she just illustrated the people of Tepeyac, which she focused then. While walking and observing people, the narrator saw Abuelito smoking in a dark place with only one dark light bulb lighting on his face. The narrator went to Abuelito’s side and observed him first but then she started holding his hand. Feeling the emotions of Abuelito as he remained silent. Like having an intimate relationship, the narrator and Abuelito walked around the basilica. After a long walk, they found out that they were near the house of the narrator. The narrator’s house is in La Fortuna with a number 12 but it was already sold. Before they can go to the main door, they have walk to the square steps of the grass. They both started to count but while counting, they were also thinking of their experiences and shared it to one another. The story ends with the thought of the narrator to Abuelito’s situation that seemed to be forgotten by their community without any name. One Holy Night One holy night is the story of a girl who is ignored by the people around her. She always felt that people see her as nothing but a vendor even if she has something to give. She was very much in love with a boy named Chaq Uxmal Paloquin. This boy made her life colorful but there was a time when this boy vanished from her eyes. The narrator waited for so long until she found someone named Boy Baby, her heart says that he was her Chaq but it was very different, he was just an ignorable person for it has his own world and speaks a different language people could not understand. However, even if it was the case of Boy Baby, the narrator still wanted to be with him and loved him dearly. One night, Boy Baby asked the narrator to accompany him in his place. Boy Baby showed his weapons to the narrator and asked her to stay quiet about what she saw. After that, they make love. The narrator was very happy with her experience. She thought of the women who do not want to talk about their experiences for it was sacred. When she got home, her older sister asked her pushcart – the cart that she is using when selling cucumber. She does not know what to do so she made a story. Her sister believed her but eventually, the true story emerged because one of their neighbors saw the narrator and Boy Baby going to Esparza and Sons every night, it was Boy Baby’s place. Abuelita, the narrator’s sister asked her the truth and she said everything except of one thing. One day, when she found out that she was pregnant, her sister cried a lot and blamed all men. Because of this, they started to find the Boy Baby. After a long time, they found out that Boy Baby was not Chaq that the narrator was referring to. He was already thirty-seven years old and a poor man with no Mayan blood unlike Chaq. The narrator was very disappointed but she still pursues her pregnancy. In the end, she still wanted to have five kinds – 2 boys, 2 girls, and one baby. My Tocaya This is about a young girl who narrates her tocaya, Patricia Benavidez because it was gone for three days. Everyone thought that she was dead that the narrator described Patricia as a girl who came back from the dead. Patricia Benavidez was said as the â€Å"son† of the father and son’s Taco place no.2 for she inherited this restaurant. However, despite of all the good things that happened to Patricia the narrator still used exaggerated words to described her. The narrator also described the feelings of the people especially Patricia’s family and their school. She also attached an article from the newspaper about Patricia according to the news Patricia is 13 and been missing since November 11, 5 feet tall, weighting around 115 lbs, etc. The narrator was angry with Patricia but she was also jealous with her. She knew that Patricia was not good inside and out, for she knew some secrets of Patricia. Patricia also liked the boy that the narrator also liked that is why her anger became double. When Patricia was found, she as not happy even if almost everyone are crying for Patricia and she also wanted Patricia not to be found anymore. Woman Hollering Creek This story is about the life of a couple named Juan Pedro Martinez Sanches and Cleofilas Enriqueta De Leon Hernandez. In the first part of the story, the narrator described the preparation of the wedding; it was elaborated thoroughly from the flowers, food, up to the dresses. They depend on the outfit of the characters in the telenovelas, Cleofilas relate her life to this fictional novel that make her weaker and pitiful. Juan Pedro is a very busy person, so he wanted to get married as soon as possible because she cannot leave his job for a long time. After they get married, they had children and had their own home but like other couples, they had problems. That sometimes made them weak and broken. Cleofilas usually goes to social gatherings and she used to encounter women who are much stronger than she is and all she can do is act like an innocent woman.

American Romanticism essays

American Romanticism essays The literary movement known as American Romanticism can be traced back to August 31, 1837, when Waldo Emerson addressed the Phi Beta Kappa Society at Harvard College. His words became known as dazzling spell of creative energy that produced some of the most esteemed works of all time: Melvilles Moby Dick, Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter, and Walt Whitmans Leaves of Grass. Herman Melville, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Emerson, Whitman, and Henry David Thoreau define American Romanticism through transcendentalism, Nature, and the individual in American Romanticism. American Romantics were undoubtedly influenced by the dramatic political and social changes taking place in the early nineteenth century. The literature of American Romanticism is considered the first illustration of American literary genius. American Romanticism is expressed in a belief of self-reliance, and being humanistic. Writers associated with the romantic period matured and worked in a constantly growing nation whose conflicts where internal. The chief characteristics of the American Romantic Movement are vitality and spring time freshness. One must remember that during this movement another American spring was taking place; F.O. Matthiessen notably put it, as an American Renaissance. According to McDowell, the romantic writers sought self-reliance as individuals an as members of a newly independent nation. We will walk with our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak with our own minds. In these words Ralph Waldo Emerson gave voice to the persuasive self reliance of the Romantic Generation. Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville and Whitman are unified by a common interest in the problems of humanity. These writers sought to explain the world by gaining a better understanding of man hims elf. Transcendentalism was a religious and intellectual movement that was a revolt ...

Mimesis Definition and Use

Mimesis Definition and Use Mimesis is a  rhetorical term for the imitation, reenactment, or re-creation of someone elses words, ​the manner of speaking, and/or delivery.   As Matthew Potolsky notes in his book Mimesis (Routledge, 2006), the definition of mimesis is remarkably flexible and changes greatly over time and across cultural contexts (50). Here are some examples below.   Peachams Definition of Mimesis Mimesis is an imitation of speech whereby the Orator counterfeits not only what one said, but also his utterance, pronunciation, and gesture, imitating everything as it was, which is always well performed, and naturally represented in an apt and skillful actor.This form of imitation is commonly abused by flattering jesters and common parasites, who for the pleasure of those whom they flatter, do both deprave and deride other mens sayings and doings. Also this figure may be much blemished, either by excess or defect, which maketh the imitation unlike unto that it ought to be. (Henry Peacham, The Garden of Eloquence, 1593) Platos View of Mimesis In Platos Republic (392d), . . . Socrates criticizes the mimetic forms as tending to corrupt performers whose roles may involve expression of passions or wicked deeds, and he bars such poetry from his ideal state. In Book 10 (595a-608b), he returns to the subject and extends his criticism beyond dramatic imitation to include all poetry and all visual art, on the ground that the arts are only poor, third-hand imitations of true reality existing in the realm of ideas. . . .Aristotle did not accept Platos theory of the visible world as an imitation of the realm of abstract ideas or forms, and his use of mimesis is closer to the original dramatic meaning. (George A. Kennedy, Imitation. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, ed. by Thomas O. Sloane. Oxford University Press, 2001) Aristotles View of Mimesis Two basic but indispensable requirements for a better appreciation of Aristotles perspective on mimesis . . . deserve immediate foregrounding. The first is to grasp the inadequacy of the still prevalent translation of mimesis as imitation, a translation inherited from a period of neoclassicism is which its force had different connotations from those now available. . . . [T]he semantic field of imitation in modern English (and of its equivalents in other languages) has become too narrow and predominately pejorativetypically implying a limited aim of copying, superficial replication, or counterfeitingto do justice to the sophisticated thinking of Aristotle . . .. The second requirement is to recognize that we are not dealing here with a wholly unified concept, still less with a term that possesses a single, literal meaning, but rather with a rich locus of aesthetic issues relating to the status, significance, and effects of several types of artistic representation. (Stephen Halliwell, The Aesthetics of Mimesis: Ancient Texts and Modern Problems. Princeton University Press, 2002) Mimesis and Creativity [R]hetoric in the service of mimesis, rhetoric as imaging power, is far from being imitative in the sense of reflecting a preexistent reality. Mimesis becomes poesis, imitation becomes making, by giving form and pressure to a presumed reality . . ..(Geoffrey H. Hartman, Understanding Criticism, in A Critics Journey: Literary Reflections, 1958-1998. Yale University Press, 1999)[T]he tradition of imitatio anticipates what literary theorists have called intertextuality, the notion that all cultural products are a tissue of narratives and images borrowed from a familiar storehouse. Art absorbs and manipulates these narratives and images rather than creating anything wholly new. From ancient Greece to the beginnings of Romanticism, familiar stories and images circulated throughout Western culture, often anonymously. (Matthew Potolsky, Mimesis. Routledge, 2006)

Japanese Artists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Japanese Artists - Essay Example Japanese – American artists have created their distinct identity in this regard. In the present essay, we will focus on two such renowned Japanese – American artists: Sueo Serisawa and Chiura Obata. Sueo Serisawa Short biography: Born in Yokohama (Japan) in the year 1910, Serisawa’s father was an artist. The family migrated to USA and settled in Los Angeles during 1918. Serisawa was inspired by his father as an artist. As he grew up, he got involved in California Art and adopted American Impressionism as his working style. Serisawa excelled in creating portraits, still lifes, and landscape scenes. Unfortunately, the date of his first art exhibition coincided with the date of Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. After the incident of Pearl Harbor, Serisawa was fearful of forced internment by the US Government since he was a Japanese emigrant. From 1941 to 1947, his life was uncertain since he moved to New York to avoid internment while political tensions loomed all ar ound. However, after the War, Serisawa established himself as a painting instructor. He successfully worked at Laguna Beach School of Art, Scripps College, and Kahn Art Institute. He continued painting and teaching till his death in 2004. Critique and research: The art critics have highly appreciated Serisawa’s works and he has always been regarded as a talented artist in the sphere of impressionism and modernism. According to Susan Landauer, Donald D. Keyes, and Jean Stern, Serisawa was a significant figure among the California Impressionists and he considerably contributed in American arts along with other prominent artists like Mabel Alvarez, Boris Deutsch, etc. Serisawa’s modernist approach was well matured as early as the 1940s. However, both political and personal histories interfered with his artistic career and thought. In the later years of his life, according to Alissa J. Anderson, Serisawa’s works were deeply influenced by oriental culture, Zen philos ophy, and Japanese calligraphy. Moreover, considerable political influence too can be noted on some of his important works. For example, Serisawa’s Nine O’clock News is a masterpiece that shows a political statement about war using certain symbols and impressionist expressions (Landauer, Susan, William H. Gredts, and Patricia Trenton, 76). Serisawa and the California school influenced each other for a considerable period of time. Serisawa’s father himself was a Japanese artist, so he exhibited an oriental touch in his artworks. The difficult time of internment of the Japanese Americans by the US Government compelled Serisawa to leave Los Angeles, where he had grown up and learned the vital early lessons of art. However, later Serisawa admitted that those difficult days had rather helped him to mature as an artist. Analyzing Serisawa’s artworks, it ca be finally said that he has been a versatile artist, who excelled in making portraits, landscape scenes, a nd still lifes, along with complicated impressionist and modernist abstracts. Chiura Obata Short biography: Chiura Obata was born in 1885 in Japan. He migrated to USA in 1903. Initially, he worked as a commercial director and illustrator. He worked for the San Francisco based Japanese newspapers the Japanese American and The New World. He also worked as a commercial designer with Iwata Dry Goods Co. and Toyo Kisen Kaisha Steamship Co. In 1921, he became the